Overview of Preconception Education Knowledge of Prospective Brides of Childbearing Age in the KUA Area of Sidoarjo District

Abstract

Preconception health is a critical component of reproductive health that influences maternal and neonatal outcomes. Adequate knowledge during the preconception period enables women to prepare physically and mentally for pregnancy, reducing the risk of adverse outcomes such as anemia, prematurity, and low birth weight. However, women’s understanding of preconception care remains suboptimal due to limited access to information and health services. This study aimed to describe the level of knowledge of women of childbearing age regarding preconception care. This descriptive study employed a survey design and was conducted at the Office of Religious Affairs (KUA) in Sidoarjo District. A total of 32 prospective brides were recruited using a total sampling technique. Data were collected using a 20-item questionnaire adapted from Fyzria Qudratullah (2021). Instrument validity was tested using the Rasch Model, while reliability was assessed using Cronbach’s Alpha and Composite Reliability. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis with SPSS version 27. Findings showed that almost all respondents (97.2%) had a low level of knowledge regarding preconception care, while only 2.8% demonstrated moderate knowledge. Despite the provision of reproductive health education by health workers, knowledge related to preconception health, pregnancy preparedness, and risk factors remains insufficient. The study highlights a substantial gap between the need for preconception health information and the level of knowledge among prospective brides. Strengthening structured and continuous educational interventions, including the use of digital-based approaches, is essential to improve preconception health literacy and promote preventive behaviors. Enhancing the capacity of healthcare providers to deliver effective preconception counseling also plays a strategic role in improving reproductive health outcomes.